{ "name": "Agent Insured carrier comparison matrix", "description": "Specialist carriers and programmes writing AI liability insurance reachable by European buyers. Every entry is verified at the named party's own domain; the source URL and the date it was checked are on each record. Figures that could not be verified at source are absent by design rather than hedged. Read again against the verified facts on 2026-10-01, in the same pass as the page.", "publisher": "Future Proof Intelligence", "canonical": "https://agentinsured.eu/tools/carrier-comparison/", "machineReadable": "https://agentinsured.eu/tools/carrier-comparison/carriers.json", "licence": "Free to cite. Cite the underlying source named on each record alongside this desk.", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17", "updateCadence": "Carrier facts verified at each carrier's own domain on the date shown on each record; the whole matrix was read again on 2026-10-01. Quarterly review, and on any published carrier change.", "verificationStandard": "A claim naming a carrier and stating a figure, a date or a policy term is read on that carrier's own domain or it does not appear. A trade article, a law-firm briefing and a search-engine summary are not verification.", "notVerified": [ { "claim": "ISO generative AI exclusion endorsements CG 40 47, CG 40 48 and CG 35 08", "status": "PARTLY READ", "detail": "CG 40 48 01 26 (Exclusion, Generative Artificial Intelligence, Coverage B only) and CG 35 08 01 26 (Exclusion, Generative Artificial Intelligence, products and completed operations) were read from specimens held at assets.alm.com that carry ISO's own copyright line, which is one step short of a filing record. CG 40 47 has not been read; its title and edition are not stated, and no effective date is stated for any of the three. Confirm the form number and edition on your own endorsement schedule." }, { "claim": "Percentage sublimits for AI losses attributed to named London market cyber carriers", "status": "REMOVED", "detail": "Checked at beazley.com and qbe.com. Neither publishes the sublimit wording attributed to it in the trade press. QBE North America publishes two affirmative AI-focused cyber coverages, an AI regulatory compliance endorsement and LLMjacking protection, which points the other way." }, { "claim": "A market-size projection for AI insurance attributed to AIUC", "status": "REMOVED", "detail": "No market-size figure of any kind is published on aiuc.com, checked 2026-08-17." }, { "claim": "Coverage lists, exclusion lists and framework references for named carriers beyond what each carrier publishes", "status": "REMOVED 2026-10-01", "detail": "Removed from the records for Munich Re aiSure, Armilla, AIUC, Testudo, Counterpart, Corgi and Vouch. Each record now states only what the carrier publishes. The AIUC record no longer describes AIUC as selling insurance: it is an underwriting company and standards body." }, { "claim": "AI exclusion positions of W.R. Berkley, AIG, Great American and Chubb", "status": "REPORTED ONLY", "detail": "Rest on trade reporting and could not be read at the carriers' own domains. No detail is stated. See the generalists list below." } ], "regulatoryContext": { "lastVerified": "2026-08-17", "source": "https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai", "note": "The AI Omnibus entered into force 27 July 2026. Any source stating that EU AI Act high-risk obligations applied from 2 August 2026 is describing a superseded position. The Omnibus also amended Article 4 and added a prohibition to Article 5.", "dates": [ { "date": "2025-02-02", "applies": "Article 5 prohibited practices and the Article 4 AI literacy duty. Article 4 was later amended by the Omnibus, which also added a prohibition." }, { "date": "2025-08-02", "applies": "GPAI provider obligations, Member State designation of national competent authorities, and EU level governance." }, { "date": "2026-07-27", "applies": "AI Omnibus entered into force." }, { "date": "2026-08-02", "applies": "Transparency obligations including Article 50, and the governance rules. From this date the AI Office and the authorities of the Member States are responsible for implementing, supervising and enforcing the AI Act." }, { "date": "2026-12-02", "applies": "New prohibitions on non-consensual sexual deepfakes and CSAM take effect, and the Article 50(2) marking transitional period ends." }, { "date": "2026-12-09", "applies": "Transposition deadline for the revised Product Liability Directive (EU) 2024/2853. Never in scope of the Omnibus." }, { "date": "2027-12-02", "applies": "Annex III standalone high-risk systems. Moved by the Omnibus." }, { "date": "2028-08-02", "applies": "Annex I high-risk AI embedded in regulated products. Moved by the Omnibus." } ] }, "carrierCount": 8, "carriers": [ { "id": "munich-re-aisure", "name": "Munich Re aiSure", "parent": "Munich Re, with Mosaic Insurance", "product": "aiSure AI performance insurance", "launchDate": "Mosaic partnership announced 26 February 2026", "launchYear": 2026, "posture": "Performance Guarantee", "segment": [ "Mid-market", "Enterprise" ], "geography": [ "EU", "Global" ], "capacity": "Up to EUR/USD/CAD 15 million in initial capacity, through Mosaic Insurance.", "capacityRank": 15, "coverage": "Performance shortfalls of an AI system, settled on measurable performance data against an agreed specification. Written for AI developers and vendors worldwide.", "exclusions": "Not published. Munich Re requires its own technical due diligence before cover is written.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://www.munichre.com/en/solutions/for-industry-clients/insure-ai.html", "distribution": "Mosaic Insurance underwrites and markets it through its cyber specialists; Munich Re supplies the technical foundation.", "notes": "Mosaic announced the partnership on 26 February 2026. The stated audience is AI developers and vendors worldwide, which is narrower than every enterprise deploying an agent. Munich Re does not describe aiSure as an index-triggered product anywhere it publishes; it settles on measurable performance data and requires Munich Re technical due diligence. A coverage list, an exclusions list, a line on larger bespoke programmes and two framework references carried here earlier are not published by Munich Re or Mosaic and have been removed.", "source": "https://www.munichre.com/en/solutions/for-industry-clients/insure-ai.html and https://www.mosaicinsurance.com/resources/press-releases/", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "hsb", "name": "HSB", "parent": "Hartford Steam Boiler (Munich Re subsidiary)", "product": "AI Liability Insurance for small and mid-sized businesses", "launchDate": "Introduced 18 March 2026", "launchYear": 2026, "posture": "Policy Extension", "segment": [ "SME" ], "geography": [ "US" ], "capacity": "Standard limits USD 25,000 or USD 50,000, with a USD 500 deductible; higher limits available.", "capacityRank": 0.05, "coverage": "Bodily injury, property damage, and personal and advertising injury arising from the insured's use of AI.", "exclusions": "AI model errors, biased outputs and AI-facilitated data loss, which HSB's release names as outside the cover.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://www.munichre.com/hsb", "distribution": "Added to the business policies of carriers that partner with HSB; not sold direct. Subject to insurance regulatory approval.", "notes": "AI Liability Insurance for small and mid-sized businesses, introduced 18 March 2026. An earlier version of this record said no limit was disclosed; HSB publishes the limits above. An SMB adoption statistic carried here earlier is not in the release and has been removed.", "source": "https://www.munichre.com/hsb/en/press-and-publications/press-releases/2026/2026-03-18-introducing-ai-liability-insurance-for-small-businesses.html", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "armilla", "name": "Armilla", "parent": "Armilla Insurance Services, Coverholder at Lloyd's", "product": "Affirmative AI Liability Insurance; Standalone AI Liability Policy; Vanguard AI with Chaucer", "launchDate": "Coverholder at Lloyd's since 2024; launched with Chaucer 30 April 2025; Vanguard AI 10 February 2026", "launchYear": 2025, "posture": "Specialty Indemnity", "segment": [ "Mid-market", "Enterprise" ], "geography": [ "US", "UK" ], "capacity": "Up to USD 25 million per organisation.", "capacityRank": 25, "coverage": "AI regulatory violations, including defence costs and insurable fines under the EU AI Act and the Colorado AI Act. Full policy terms are not published.", "exclusions": "Not published; confirm with a broker.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://www.armilla.ai/ai-insurance", "distribution": "Underwritten by certain underwriters at Lloyd's, including Chaucer. Reachable by European buyers through wholesale brokers.", "notes": "Armilla Insurance Services is a Coverholder at Lloyd's, the first dedicated exclusively to AI liability. Recognised partners named at armilla.ai: Chaucer, AXIS Capital, Convex, Swiss Re, Greenlight Re. Vanguard AI is a coordinated cyber, technology and AI liability structure launched with Chaucer on 10 February 2026. Not a European-domiciled product. The USD 25 million is the policy limit; trade press has reported it as a funding round, and there was no such round. The 30 April 2025 launch with Chaucer is carried on Armilla's own announcement page and is restored here.", "source": "https://www.armilla.ai/ai-insurance and https://www.armilla.ai/resources/armilla-launches-affirmative-ai-liability-insurance-with-lloyds-underwriter-chaucer", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "aiuc", "name": "AIUC", "parent": "Artificial Intelligence Underwriting Company (AIUC)", "product": "AIUC-1, a standard for AI agents", "launchDate": "Launched from stealth July 2025", "launchYear": 2025, "posture": "Standard", "segment": [ "Enterprise" ], "geography": [ "US" ], "capacity": "Not applicable. AIUC is an underwriting company and standards body, and publishes no capacity figure.", "capacityRank": 0, "coverage": "AIUC-1 sets 51 requirements and 130 controls across six pillars. A certificate can stand behind a policy, as with the first AIUC-1-backed AI agent policy for ElevenLabs in February 2026, placed through Lloyd's of London.", "exclusions": "Not applicable.", "certifications": [ "AIUC-1", "NIST AI RMF", "MITRE ATLAS" ], "url": "https://aiuc.com", "distribution": "Certification through an accredited auditor route; Schellman is the first accredited auditor.", "notes": "Launched from stealth in July 2025 with a USD 15 million seed round led by Nat Friedman at NFDG. AIUC-1 is a standard of 51 requirements and 130 controls across six pillars: data and privacy, security, safety, reliability, accountability and societal risks. ElevenLabs secured the first AIUC-1-backed AI agent insurance policy in February 2026, placed through Lloyd's of London. No carrier or reinsurer is named at source for that policy, and none is named here. AIUC is an underwriting company and standards body; it is listed because its standard is what that policy rests on.", "source": "https://aiuc.com/", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "testudo", "name": "Testudo", "parent": "Testudo UK Ltd is an Appointed Representative of Pro MGA Solutions Ltd, FCA FRN 1017533", "product": "AI liability insurance for United States enterprises", "launchDate": "Launched 21 January 2026", "launchYear": 2026, "posture": "Specialty Indemnity", "segment": [ "Enterprise" ], "geography": [ "US" ], "capacity": "USD 9.25 million per insured, from 26 February 2026.", "capacityRank": 9.25, "coverage": "Detailed coverage terms are not stated here. Ask Testudo or a broker.", "exclusions": "Not published.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://testudo.co", "distribution": "Lloyd's coverholder with Apollo capacity, joined by Atrium and QBE on 26 February 2026.", "notes": "Launched 21 January 2026 as a Lloyd's coverholder with Apollo capacity. Capacity expansion announced 26 February 2026: Atrium and QBE joined Apollo, at USD 9.25 million per insured. Distributed in the United States, so for a European reader this is a market signal rather than a product to buy.", "source": "https://www.testudo.co/insights/ and https://atrium-uw.com/", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "counterpart", "name": "Counterpart", "parent": "Counterpart", "product": "Affirmative AI Coverage and a technology E&O insuring agreement", "launchDate": "Announced 24 November 2025", "launchYear": 2025, "posture": "Policy Extension", "segment": [ "Mid-market" ], "geography": [ "US" ], "capacity": "Not separately disclosed.", "capacityRank": 0, "coverage": "Affirmative AI Coverage plus a technology errors and omissions insuring agreement, across miscellaneous professional liability and allied health. Management liability and D&O are outside it.", "exclusions": "Not published.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://www.yourcounterpart.com", "distribution": "Through Counterpart's miscellaneous professional liability and allied health products.", "notes": "Verification caveat, weaker than the rest of this table: Counterpart's own site does not describe the AI coverage, so this rests on its announcement. No carrier panel and no revenue threshold is published, and none is stated here.", "source": "https://knowledge.yourcounterpart.com/", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "corgi", "name": "Corgi", "parent": "Corgi Insurance Services, Inc., a licensed insurance producer (CA licence 6012791) acting as programme administrator, not the insurer", "product": "AI liability for technology companies", "launchDate": "Launch date not stated", "launchYear": 0, "posture": "Specialty Indemnity", "segment": [ "SME", "Mid-market" ], "geography": [ "US" ], "capacity": "Not disclosed.", "capacityRank": 0, "coverage": "AI liability for technology companies, administered as a programme. Read the producer point first: it changes who carries the risk on your policy.", "exclusions": "Not stated here.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://www.corgi.insure/ai", "distribution": "Programme administrator and licensed producer; the insurer is a separate party.", "notes": "Corgi announces a USD 108 million fundraise on its own site. An ARR figure, an investor list, a regulatory approval date and a July 2025 launch date carried here earlier are not published by Corgi and have been removed, as has a detailed coverage description that could not be read at source.", "source": "https://www.corgi.insure/ai", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" }, { "id": "vouch", "name": "Vouch", "parent": "Vouch", "product": "AI insurance", "launchDate": "Launch date not stated", "launchYear": 0, "posture": "Policy Extension", "segment": [ "SME", "Mid-market" ], "geography": [ "US" ], "capacity": "Not disclosed.", "capacityRank": 0, "coverage": "Affirmative AI cover naming hallucinations, algorithmic bias and certain intellectual property disputes.", "exclusions": "Not published.", "certifications": [], "url": "https://www.vouch.us/coverages/ai-insurance", "distribution": "United States.", "notes": "No client count and no acquisition is published, and neither is stated here.", "source": "https://www.vouch.us/coverages/ai-insurance", "lastVerified": "2026-08-17" } ], "generalists": [ { "name": "QBE", "lines": "Cyber, North America", "position": "Writes affirmatively: an AI regulatory compliance endorsement, and LLMjacking protection for the service fees and retraining costs that follow credential theft against a cloud-hosted model.", "basis": "Published at qbe.com" }, { "name": "Beazley", "lines": "Cyber, professional liability", "position": "No AI sublimit wording is published at beazley.com. Percentage caps circulated in trade press are not confirmed and are not stated.", "basis": "Checked at beazley.com" }, { "name": "W.R. Berkley", "lines": "General liability, professional lines", "position": "Trade press reports an absolute AI exclusion. Nothing was found at berkley.com; the circulating form number and wording are unconfirmed and not stated.", "basis": "Reported only" }, { "name": "AIG", "lines": "Management liability, D&O, professional lines", "position": "Reported to have filed AI exclusion language with US state regulators. Not confirmed at the carrier's own domain.", "basis": "Reported only" }, { "name": "Great American", "lines": "Management liability", "position": "Reported to have sought clearance for AI exclusions in management liability lines. Not confirmed at the carrier's own domain.", "basis": "Reported only" }, { "name": "Chubb", "lines": "Commercial lines, management liability", "position": "Reported position on systemic or correlated AI events. Not confirmed at the carrier's own domain.", "basis": "Reported only" } ] }